Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headache attacks. Migraine attacks can be debilitating and can last for hours or even days.
There are two main types of migraine medications: preventive medications and abortive drugs.
Preventive medications are taken on a regular basis to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Some common preventive medications include:
- Beta-blockers, such as propranolol (Inderal) and timolol (Blocadren)
- Antidepressants, such as amitriptyline (Elavil)
- Anticonvulsants, such as valproate (Depakote) and topiramate (Topamax)
- CGRP monoclonal antibodies, such as fremanezumab (Ajovy), erenumab (Aimovig), and galcanezumab (Emgality)
Abortive drugs are taken to treat migraine attacks once they have started. Some common abortive drugs include:
- Triptans, such as sumatriptan (Imitrex) and rizatriptan (Maxalt)
- Ergotamines, such as dihydroergotamine (D.H.E. 45 Injection, Migranal Nasal Spray)
- CGRP antagonists, such as rimegepant (Nurtec) and ubrogepant (Ubrelvy)
The best type of medication for migraine will vary depending on the individual. It is important to work with your doctor to find a medication plan that is right for you.
In addition to medication, there are a number of lifestyle changes that can help to prevent and manage migraine attacks, such as:
- Getting regular exercise
- Getting enough sleep
- Eating a healthy diet
- Avoiding migraine triggers, such as stress, caffeine, and alcohol
If you have migraine, it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis and discuss treatment options.
Here are some additional tips for managing migraine:
- Keep a migraine diary to track your attacks and identify triggers.
- Learn relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing and meditation.
- Apply a cold compress to your forehead or the back of your neck.
- Darken your room and rest in a quiet place.
If you have any questions or concerns about migraine, talk to your doctor.