Choosing the right containment solution for a giant breed dog involves more than just picking the largest crate on the shelf. It requires a careful analysis of the animal’s size, temperament, intended use, and the owner’s lifestyle. A proper crate serves as a safe den for the dog, a tool for effective house training, and a secure space for travel, making the selection process critical for the well-being of both the pet and the household.
Understanding the Purpose and Benefits of Canine Crate Training
The use of crates is grounded in the natural denning instinct of canines. When introduced positively, a crate becomes a personal sanctuary for a dog, a place where it can retreat for quiet and security. Beyond providing a safe haven, crates are invaluable for managing a dog’s environment during the house training process, as dogs are naturally reluctant to soil their immediate sleeping area. This instinct helps accelerate the learning of bladder and bowel control. Furthermore, crates ensure safety during travel by car or air, prevent destructive chewing of household items when unsupervised, and can aid in managing separation anxiety by providing a familiar, enclosed space.
For large and giant breeds like Great Danes, Mastiffs, and Saint Bernards, the crate is not just a training tool but a necessary piece of equipment that must be robust enough to withstand significant force and large enough to accommodate their full adult size. The investment in a correctly sized and constructed crate pays dividends in safety and behavioral management throughout the dog’s life.
Determining the Correct Crate Size for Your Large Breed Dog
The single most important factor in crate selection is size. A crate that is too small will be uncomfortable and stressful, while one that is excessively large can undermine house training efforts. The ideal crate allows the dog to stand up without its head touching the top, turn around comfortably, and lie down stretched out on its side. To achieve this, precise measurements of the dog are required.
Start by measuring your dog’s length from the tip of its nose to the base of its tail. Do not include the tail itself in this measurement. Next, measure the dog’s height from the floor to the top of its head or ears, whichever is taller, while it is in a standing position. Finally, measure the dog’s width at the shoulders. Add several inches to each of these measurements to determine the minimum internal dimensions of the crate. For growing puppies of large breeds, it is often more practical and cost-effective to purchase a full-size adult crate that comes with a divider panel. This panel allows you to section off a portion of the crate, creating an appropriately sized space for the puppy that can be expanded as it grows.
Understanding standard crate dimensions is also helpful. Crates are often categorized by their length. For reference, common sizes include 42-inch crates for breeds like Labrador Retrievers and German Shepherds, 48-inch crates for larger breeds such as Golden Retrievers and Akitas, and 54-inch or larger crates for giant breeds like Great Danes and Irish Wolfhounds.
Comparing Crate Types: Materials, Pros, and Cons
Crates are manufactured from several primary materials, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages that make them suitable for different situations. The most common types are wire, plastic (often called airline kennels), and soft-sided fabric crates.
Wire Crates are among the most popular choices for home use. They offer excellent ventilation and visibility, which can help a dog feel less isolated. Many models feature a fold-down, collapsible design for relatively easy storage and transport. They often include a removable, washable plastic tray at the bottom for simple cleaning. The primary drawback is that they do not provide the den-like feeling some dogs prefer, and they can be heavy and cumbersome in larger sizes. Their open structure may also encourage barking in some dogs who are stimulated by seeing activity around them.
Plastic Crates are renowned for their durability and security. They are the standard for airline travel as approved by most carriers and provide a more enclosed, den-like atmosphere that many dogs find calming. The solid walls offer more protection from drafts and can help muffle sound. On the negative side, they typically offer less ventilation than wire models, can be more difficult to clean thoroughly, and are often heavier and more expensive. Their solid design can also make a dog feel hotter in warm environments.
Soft-Sided Crates are lightweight, portable, and aesthetically pleasing. They are ideal for short-term containment in familiar environments, such as in a bedroom or during a visit to a friend’s house. However, they are not suitable for dogs who are not fully crate-trained, as they can be easily destroyed by a anxious or determined chewer. They offer minimal security and are not appropriate for travel in a vehicle.
Heavy-Duty or Aluminum Crates are a specialty category designed for powerful dogs with a history of escaping from standard crates or for those who suffer from severe separation anxiety. These crates are extremely robust, secure, and often feature reinforced doors and locking mechanisms. Their main disadvantages are their very high cost and significant weight.
Essential Features to Evaluate in a Large Dog Crate
Beyond the basic material, several key features differentiate a mediocre crate from a high-quality one that will last for years. Paying close attention to these details can prevent future problems and ensure the safety and comfort of your dog.
The door mechanism is arguably the most critical safety feature. Look for sturdy locks that are resistant to being accidentally opened by a paw or nose. Double-door models, with one on the front and one on the side, offer greater flexibility in placement within a room and make it easier to get a large dog in and out. The flooring should be a solid, removable tray that is easy to clean. For wire crates, a plastic pan is standard; ensure it is robust and fits snugly. Some owners choose to add a comfortable crate mat or orthopedic bed on top of the tray for added comfort.
Portability is a major consideration with large crates. While a 48-inch wire crate may be foldable, it will still be heavy and bulky. Check the folded dimensions and weight to ensure you can manage it. Plastic crates often come in two halves that bolt together, which can be easier to move through doorways but requires assembly. Finish and safety are also important. For wire crates, a rust-resistant, non-toxic finish like electroplating or powder-coating is essential for durability. All edges should be rolled or smoothed to prevent injury. Finally, consider accessories. Divider panels are invaluable for puppies. Removable wire grates over the tray are generally not recommended as they can be hard on a dog’s paws and trap waste, making cleaning more difficult.
A Detailed Guide to Top-Rated Large Dog Crate Models
The market offers a wide array of crates from various manufacturers, but a few models consistently receive high marks from owners of large breed dogs for their combination of durability, functionality, and value.
In the wire crate category, the Midwest Homes for Pets Double Door Folding Crate is a perennial favorite. It features two doors for flexible placement, a fold-down design for storage, and a secure locking system. It comes with a divider panel and a composite plastic pan. Its balance of affordability and reliable construction makes it a top choice for many families. Another strong contender is the Frisco Fold & Carry Double Door Dog Crate, which offers similar features, often at a competitive price point, and is known for its ease of assembly and sturdiness.
For those requiring a plastic crate, the Petmate Sky Kennel is the industry standard for a reason. It is incredibly durable, airline-approved when configured correctly, and features a sturdy steel door and reinforced edges. While it is not collapsible and can be difficult to clean, its security and travel-worthiness are unmatched for plastic models. The Kong Airtight Tractor Supply Crate is another robust option, known for its strength and simple, no-frills design that focuses purely on containment.
For the ultimate in security, the Impact Dog Crates and Zinger Crates represent the pinnacle of heavy-duty design. Made from reinforced aluminum or high-tensile steel, these crates are designed to contain even the most determined escape artists. They feature advanced locking mechanisms, are often lighter than traditional heavy-gauge wire crates, and are built to last a lifetime. The investment is significant, but for owners of powerful dogs with severe anxiety, it can be a necessary expense.
Special Considerations for Specific Canine Needs
Not all dogs are the same, and certain circumstances require specialized crate solutions. Understanding these nuances ensures that the crate serves its intended purpose effectively and humanely.
For puppies, the use of a divider panel in a full-sized crate is non-negotiable. A space that is too large will allow the puppy to eliminate in one corner and sleep in another, completely defeating the house training benefit of the crate. The space should be just large enough for the puppy to stand, turn, and lie down. As the puppy grows, the divider can be moved back incrementally. For dogs with anxiety or claustrophobia, a wire crate often feels less confining than a plastic one. Placing a light blanket over the top and back half of a wire crate can create a den-like feel while still allowing for ventilation and a view out the front.
Dogs that are recovering from surgery or have mobility issues may require a crate with very low clearance to prevent jumping or with a large, full-size door for easy access. In these cases, a plastic crate with its large front opening can be beneficial. For travel purposes, the crate must be appropriately secured. In a vehicle, a crate should be anchored using seat belts or straps to prevent it from becoming a projectile during a sudden stop. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for secure travel.
Proper Crate Placement and Acclimation Techniques
Where you place the crate and how you introduce your dog to it are just as important as the crate you choose. A poorly placed crate or a negative introduction can create long-term aversion and anxiety.
Placement should be in a quiet but socially significant area of the home, such as a family room or bedroom. Avoid high-traffic hallways, drafty areas, or direct sunlight. The location should allow the dog to be near its family without being in the middle of the action. The goal is for the crate to be a calm retreat, not a place of isolation. Ensure the area around the crate is clear of hazards like electrical cords or items the dog could pull into the crate.
The acclimation process must be gradual and positive. Never force a dog into a crate. Follow a step-by-step approach to build positive associations.
- Step 1: Introduction. Place the crate in a good location with the door secured open. Allow the dog to explore it freely. Toss high-value treats or favorite toys near and inside the crate.
- Step 2: Encourage Entry. Place meals just inside the crate door. As the dog becomes comfortable, move the food bowl further back. Use a command like “kennel up” in a happy tone as the dog enters.
- Step 3: Practice Confinement. Once the dog is willingly entering to eat, gently close the door during a meal. Open it immediately after the dog finishes. Gradually increase the time the door is closed after the meal by a few seconds at a time.
- Step 4: Extend Duration. After the dog is comfortable with short periods of confinement, ask it to kennel up for a treat, close the door, and stay in the room for a few minutes before letting it out. Slowly build up to longer periods where you leave the room briefly.
- Step 5: Establish a Routine. Use the crate for short periods during the day when you are home and overnight. A consistent routine helps the dog understand that crate time is a normal, safe part of the day.
Throughout this process, it is crucial that the dog never associates the crate with punishment. The crate must always be a positive space. If the dog whines or barks after being crated, wait for a moment of quiet before releasing it to avoid reinforcing the noise.
Maintenance, Cleaning, and Long-Term Crate Use
To ensure the crate remains a healthy and pleasant environment, regular maintenance is essential. A clean crate prevents odors, bacteria, and pests. The plastic tray in a wire or plastic crate should be removed and washed with a mild, pet-safe detergent on a weekly basis, or more frequently if needed. The wire panels of a crate can be wiped down with a damp cloth and a pet-safe cleaner. For plastic crates, a thorough scrubbing of the interior with soap and water, followed by a complete rinse and air-dry, is necessary to prevent a buildup of grime and smell.
Inspect the crate regularly for signs of wear and tear, especially on the latch mechanisms, hinges, and welds. A damaged crate can become a serious safety hazard, potentially leading to escape or injury. For adult dogs who are fully house-trained and non-destructive, the door of the crate can often be left open, allowing them to use it as a voluntary bed. This maintains its role as a safe den while providing the dog with more freedom. The long-term use of a crate for confinement when no one is home is a personal decision for each owner, but it remains a valuable tool for managing a dog’s environment and ensuring its safety throughout its life.
Conclusion
Selecting the ideal crate for a large breed dog is a multifaceted decision that hinges on accurate sizing, appropriate material selection, and an understanding of the dog’s individual temperament and needs. A well-chosen crate, introduced with patience and positive reinforcement, becomes an indispensable asset for house training, travel safety, and providing a secure retreat for the animal. By prioritizing sturdy construction, reliable safety features, and proper placement, owners can ensure their canine companion views the crate as a safe and comforting den. This thoughtful approach to crate selection and use fosters a healthier, happier, and more secure relationship between large dogs and their families, proving that this piece of equipment is far more than a simple cage.
